source and mouth of nairobi river

From Akoko, the source, The river flows across the face of Kenya and can be seen in places like Nakuru and Nairobi. The Yangtze is essentially divided into three parts: the Upper Course, the Middle Course, and the Lower Course. Its total drainage basin is about 11,580 square miles (30,000 km2). Nairobi River, the main river of the Nairobi River Basin, starts from the Ondiri swamp in Kikuyu. It then flows southeast across the Pine Ridge country of Sioux County, then east through Agate Fossil Beds National Monument, past Marsland, and through Box Butte Reservoir. These rivers are mostly narrow and highly polluted, though recent efforts have seen fruitful gains in cleaning up the river. 1 0 obj Sources for rivers are typically found at higher elevations than downstream portions of the river. Moreover, industrial waste such as chemical substances, which are came from agricultural or industrial areas, are also a serious problem. http://www.nps.gov/niob/planyourvisit/river-level.htm, http://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/monthly/?referred_module=sw&site_no=06465500&por_06465500_8=593989,00060,8,1928-08,2013-10&format=html_table&date_format=YYYY-MM-DD&rdb_compression=file&submitted_form=parameter_selection_list, http://www.nps.gov/niob/planyourvisit/rivercond.htm, "USGS Gage #06465500 on the Niobrara River at Verdel, NE", http://www.usbr.gov/projects/Project.jsp?proj_Name=Ainsworth+Unit, http://www.nps.gov/niob/historyculture/places.htm, http://norfolkdailynews.com/news/studies-under-way-to-determine-feasibility-of-removing-cornell-dam/article_1dc78b22-26f2-55ed-9d18-3a375d298929.html?mode=jqm, http://journalstar.com/news/local/dam-on-niobrara-river-may-be-removed/article_f3d5f403-39db-5e59-b960-b364e7349e13.html, http://www.nppd.com/about-us/power-plants-facilities/hydroelectric/, https://www.omaha.com/news/nebraska/nppd-to-shut-down-spencer-dam-hydropower-plant-give-up/article_9d00c0e6-57d6-11e5-86d6-1ffdfd8a6188.html, https://ktiv.com/2019/03/14/sheriff-reports-spencer-ne-dam-compromised/, "AISRI Dictionary Database Search--prototype version. Tana River, river, Kenya, flowing 440 miles (708 km) from its headwaters in the Aberdare Range and Mount Kenya to the Indian Ocean.Taking a northeasterly course at first, the river plunges over the Kitaru (Seven Forks) Falls (440 feet [134 m]) into a semidesert landscape that constitutes its middle course. The Tigris flows for approximately 249 miles through Turkey before forming a 27 mile long portion of the Turkish-Syrian bor… The dam was built in 1927 and was operated by the Nebraska Public Power District. ��}�oO�8r˜ 5[�Hp�8e�J��Oh�B�g�z��M��u]�*��>L��$w��N�wj_��=��9��A��*��.H�^]�s��z��L^R�l��B0ow��2��ˁ�k&�� 's�@� ^_f�@��`?PP�*P�ox7�K�cNO�%d�F#tl��)��m&��[6�+a�!�Ua-�X�Y q\�j�S=��~��Ec�_4��H��hl��hwxFנ�ȕ�x\�2��#��/pe4J�q~��T��?� ��;�0iR�d�\l��Jj��'��N�=��~8��إ{�� The river rises in the High Plains of Wyoming, in southern Niobrara County. [3] The river drains one of the most arid sections of the Great Plains, and has a low flow for a river of its length. Dunlap Diversion Dam, 8 miles (13 km) below Box Butte, diverts water through a 13-mile (21 km) canal to the farmland. The White Nile flows from East Africa while the Blue Nile flows from Ethiopia. The Niobrara's watershed includes the northern tier of Nebraska Sandhills, a small south-central section of South Dakota, as well as a small area of eastern Wyoming. All of the Nairobi basin rivers join east of Nairobi and meet the Athi River, eventually flowing to the Indian ocean. The term White Nile is used to highlight the area separating Lake No and Khartoum. Nairobi River is a river flowing through the Kenyan capital Nairobi. Industrial effluent is flowing into the river. <>>> Located in Dawes County in western Nebraska, the dam is part of the Mirage Flats Project, which irrigates 11,670 acres (4,720 ha) on the north side of the Niobrara River. This could be melting snow, groundwater that overflows in the form of a spring, or excess rainwater that runs off mountains. [11] The feasibility of removing the defunct dam has been studied, although the accumulation of sediment behind the dam, which may include high levels of chemicals from pesticides, may be harmful to the river environment if released. Elizabeth Awiti. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Most of Nairobi’s water comes from water dams located about 50km from the city that harness the Aberdares ranges water catchment area. The source is located in eastern Turkey, about 16 miles southeast of the city of Elazig and about 50 miles from the origin of the Euphrates. The discovery of the source was relatively recent, having only been noted in the late 20th century. Apumaric originates from Peru; however, this claim has been contested on several occasions because Apurimac River’s source had always been assumed to be Lake Vilafro in Peru, but many believe the actual source of the river to be Mount Huagra. The lower Niobrara valley is the traditional home of the Ponca tribe of Native Americans. The main portion of the river often travels through a floodplain, leading out to the river's mouth, where the river deposits its water into a larger body, such as an ocean or a lake. The Yangtze has its source in Jari Hill, a place of high elevation in the Tanggula Mountains. [citation needed], The Box Butte Dam, completed in 1946 by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR), is the only major dam on the Niobrara River proper. The main stream, Nairobi River, bounds the Northern city centre. ��+V�K@�ۡ� ]��3}J��~P1�ڡ&�D5�q��6�\OKkܴ6Q�\lZ�8��c��ԠN��&I��$a�ޥ�5t�[�ݴ;�bS� ��_�� 4��:�#U9��\e The project is part of the Ainsworth Unit of the Pick-Sloan Missouri Basin Program, also operated by the USBR. It is the main river of the Nairobi river basin, a complex of several parallel streams flowing eastwards. The Niobrara River (/ˌnaɪ.əˈbrærə/; Omaha-Ponca: Ní Ubthátha khe, pronounced [nĩꜜ ubɫᶞaꜜɫᶞa kʰe], literally "water spread-out horizontal-the" or "The Wide-Spreading Water") is a tributary of the Missouri River, approximately 568 miles (914 km) long,[2] running through the U.S. states of Wyoming and Nebraska. Because of this, there is less plant diversity. People who have moved to Nairobi informally tend to throw garbage, and their sewage pollutes the river. This list is arranged by drainage basin, with respective tributaries indented under each larger stream's name. National Park Service: Niobrara National Scenic River. All of the Nairobi Basin Rivers join East of Nairobi and meet the Athi River. Ondiri was initially called ‘Old Lady Swamp’ but local mispronunciation saw the swamp named Ondiri, a name which has stuck to date. Nairobi River is a river flowing through the Kenyan capital Nairobi. The swamp was the first source of piped water for Nairobi as water used to flow through the pipes by gravity to the city. [5] By late fall, river levels begin to rise as demands for river water for irrigation subside. endobj The White Nile meets the Blue Nile at Khartoum. "River", Southband Pawnee", Wyoming Division of State Parks and Historic Sites, Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge, Upper Missouri River Breaks National Monument, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Niobrara_River&oldid=1002761114, National Park Service Wild and Scenic Rivers, Wild and Scenic Rivers of the United States, Articles needing additional references from December 2009, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing undetermined-language text, Articles containing Omaha-Ponca-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2014, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 25 January 2021, at 23:02. Although the annual runoff is low relative to the size of its drainage basin, the Niobrara has a stronger and more consistent flow than many other streams in the region. The uncertainty that surrounds Apurimac’s sour… The vegetation in the region is shorter, but the area is dominated by palm trees. The cleanup exercise started back in April 2018 as part of the Nairobi city regeneration progr U.S. Geological Survey. POLLUTION MONITORING NETWORK (PMN) 9 3. The river joins the Missouri northwest of Niobrara in northern Knox County, just upstream of Lewis and Clark Lake. In north-central Nebraska it is joined by the Keya Paha River approximately 6 miles (10 km) west of Butte. stream Many early settlers, such as Mari Sandoz, referred to the river as Running Water. <> As it is flush with water, the river carries nutrient-rich soil down the river. [9], The Snake River tributary is impounded by the Merritt Dam and irrigates about 34,540 acres (13,980 ha) in the area of Valentine, Nebraska. The U.S. Channel shape: this is the shape of a cross section through the river channel itself. Kangongo warned garbage collectors not to pollute rivers. According to Nema’s director of compliance and enforcement, Mr Benjamin Langwen, the 40km stretch of Nairobi river from the source to the city has been covered. It is managed by the Department of the Interior (U.S. The Tigris begins in Lake Hazar, which is located in the Taurus Mountains. A river or stream that flows into a larger river may also be called a tributary. ��d��O�rը�S��O:��J 앨 ��=��5�!_�#��|P�.��5(Ķtd1�oD1�?�� Eq�%bO#��'�� F%�*�Ca��{��1�0P8��zb�a��Xg�npŰ�J(�OLZ�A�� \�ءF�� E�d�J�Q�)\O�^�$$2�� Between 1861 and 1882, the stretch of the Niobrara River from the mouth of the Keya Paha to its confluence with the Missouri marked the boundary between Nebraska and the Dakota Territory. [4] The river is highest in the spring and early summer (February through April) and lowest in early fall (August and September). These rivers are mostly narrow and highly polluted. An estimated 70 percent of the river's water results from seepage from the Ogallala Aquifer that underlies the area, with the remaining 30 percent from precipitation. Subject Guide. <> The waters were highly contaminated with human … Today, Nairobi is technically a dead river. The biggest of these sources is Thika dam (Ndakaini) upstream of Ngethu Water Works in Gatundu, which produces over 80% of the water from this source. The northern section of the Nile passes through Sudan to Egypt and results in a large de… Its catchment covers ca. Water Sources. The river has a length of 1,150 miles and a basin area of 144,788 square miles. Nairobi River has somee nvironmental problems For example, there is a lot of garbage, which isnÕt collected. This is a very short list of rivers in Kenya. Source. Both tributaries are located on the left side of the Great Rift Valley. It may be a lake, a marsh, a spring or a glacier.This is where the stream starts. 3 0 obj This section has a strong link to the Geography IA. It is the main river of the Nairobi river basin, a complex of several parallel streams flowing eastwards. [10], Cornell Dam, built in 1915 at the confluence of Minnechaduza Creek near Valentine, generated power until 1985. The source is the farthest point of the river stream from its estuary or its confluence with another river or stream. Management is based upon working with private, county, state and federal landowners and stakeholders to coordinate protection of the river while ensuring a quality experience for river visitors. The Niobrara River (/ ˌnaɪ.əˈbrærə /; Omaha-Ponca: Ní Ubthátha khe, pronounced [nĩꜜ ubɫᶞaꜜɫᶞa kʰe], literally "water spread-out horizontal-the" or "The Wide-Spreading Water") is a tributary of the Missouri River, approximately 568 miles (914 km) long, running through the U.S. states of Wyoming and Nebraska. Introduction . Nairobi River is a tributary of River Athi which will be the main source of water for the dam. Key words: Ngong River, Nairobi industrial area, river pollution, industrial effluents, organic pollution, heavy metal pollution. Eighty percent of human waste in informal settlements in Nairobi City is released into the Nairobi River. Rivers are usually fed by many tributaries.The farthest stream is called the head-stream or head water. NMS shares picture of a duck in Nairobi River. The lake measures 14 miles at its maximum length and has a maximum width of 3.7 miles. Related Stories. One of the most significant tributaries that feed into the Amazon River which has always been assumed to be the source is the Apurimac River. [16], In the Cheyenne language, the river is Hisse Yovi Yoe, meaning "surprise river";[citation needed] in Pawnee, Kíckatariʾ;[17] and in Lakota,Wakpá Tȟáŋka. It is she who increases the size of the river when she gets married to Mark Antony Oloo Sigu from some and they proceed to have a large family. [15] The dam was breached by flooding caused by a March 2019 storm. The following year the dam was acquired by the U.S. Department of the Interior. Definitions. 첆;�� Fish and Wildlife Service manages the 9 miles of river that flow through the Fort Niobrara Refuge primarily for wilderness and wildlife habitat, but allows recreation downstream from Cornell Dam. Learn how and when to remove this template message, List of longest rivers of the United States (by main stem), Niobrara National Scenic River - U.S. National Park Service, Niobrara State Park - Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, Smith Falls State Park - Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, Fort Niobrara National Wildlife Refuge - U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Agate Fossil Beds National Monument - U.S. National Park Service, U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Niobrara River. Rivers always have a source (beginning) on high ground, where the flow of water starts. [14] In a 2015 agreement with Nebraska local and state government entities, NPPD agreed to decommission the dam in 2017. x��\�n�F}7��G+�i6��l'��d�� LY\˒��F0��K_(��"�r��$��U]]u��t3��.�٤��&��A|��Z��ח��Xdu�\\|Y��x�v��r8W�c��q�Tz��SO��ɿ��ӓ��ӓ�[)�t�@�MOO$�s��^ ��>�_b�XA��~%��'_��wq��ӓ��'�EC#q�i,�ů8�O㟮�۟�Q;2!�I_�� ݷ5��(d8��5��o 뷟�u��r-��s��MO:0�~�i�M)t�h�9I$�$td,�F$l�]˔��EN�5&� w?�Ի�op��1N]�E7mͩw��-s��[\��]� �d%N�t�zoH�9�tU��Y.�DFgU�Ճ�,�y��X��pu>8��JX R*�� >=�gE>��a ��=?��z^`cQ��3H}��@��Pc��%��Rp�{z��}gKz4�[b�w Interior ( U.S rivers join east of Nairobi ’ s water comes from water collected... 7 ] Jari Hill, a marsh, a place of source and mouth of nairobi river elevation in the form of a,! 13, 1960. [ 7 ] a cross section through the Kenyan capital Nairobi ground, where stream... Features a number of islands very short list of rivers in Kenya, and its... 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