Clovis is important in the historiography of France as "the first king of what would become France".[3]. The Roman Law lists various crimes as well as the fines associated with them.[38]. Clovis was baptized in a small church in the vicinity of the subsequent Abbey of Saint-Remi in Reims. Clovis married the Roman Catholic Burgundian princess Clotilda and had five children with her. The Benedictine Abbey of Saint-Denis (where Clovis was buried) had a shrine to St. Clovis to the east of the main altar. Clovis was born a pagan but converted to Roman Catholicism. The three armies met near Dijon, where both the Franks and Godegisel's forces defeated the host of dumbfounded Gundobad, who was able to escape to Avignon. 2. A well mannered mature man who has a soft heart but hides it well. She not only manages the museum but she also writes her Let's Talk Clovis column in our publication which features and highlight the amazing history of our city and culture. This contrasted Nicene Christianity, whose followers believe that God the Father, Jesus, and the Holy Spirit are three persons of one being (consubstantiality). Updates? Howorth, H.H., "The Ethnology of Germany", Rickard, J (1 January 2013), Clovis I, King of the Franks, r. 481–511, "The Rise of the Carolingians or the Decline of the Merovingians? The Salian Franks were the first known Frankish tribe that settled with official Roman permission within the empire, first in Batavia in the Rhine-Maas delta, and then in 375 in Toxandria, roughly the current province of North Brabant in the Netherlands and parts of neighbouring Belgian provinces of Antwerp and Limburg in current Belgium. [14], Prior to the battle, Clovis did not enjoy the support of the Gallo-Roman clergy, hence he proceeded to pillage the Roman territory, including the churches. During a battle with a neighboring tribe of Teutons in 496, Clovis’ warriors were being driven from the field. Clovis I was a Germanic tribal leader who is considered the founder of the medieval kingdom of France. This precedent led in the long run to the fall of his dynasty, for it was a pattern repeated in future reigns. Gregory elevated the Franks to equivalency with the ancient Hebrews, the chosen people, and Clovis to the stature of their great king David. History Of Old Town Clovis California Experience the Charm of Old Town Clovis The town of Clovis was pioneered by the vision of Marcus Pollasky who along with a group of prominent Fresnans raised over $100,000 in 1891 to build a single freight stop along the San Joaquin Valley Railroad, opening a gateway from the San Joaquin Valley to the east. A city in Fresno County, California, United States. Born c. 466. ... A largely agricultural community it is also noted for its role in early rock music history. They foraged for plants and hunted animals for food. Clovis, like his father, dealt politically and diplomatically with the Catholic bishops of Gaul. [40] Clovis did bequeath to his heirs the support of both people and Church such that, when the magnates were ready to do away with the royal house, the sanction of the Pope was sought first. as well as nearby Cannon Air Force Base. Clotilde also had their second son baptized without her husband's permission, and this son became ill and nearly died after his baptism. Peg Bos is the president of the Clovis Museum on 4th and Pollasky avenues in Old Town Clovis. [17] He was the most important Western ally of the Byzantine emperor Anastasius I. Clovis culture Clovis Culture Google Classroom Facebook Twitter The Pactus Legis Salicae, a written code combining customary law, Roman written law, Christian ideals, and royal edicts, likely originated during Clovis’s reign and had a long history of emendation and influence. At the Battle of Soissons (486) he established his military dominance of the rump state of the fragmenting Western Roman Empire which was then under the command of Syagrius. The Bishop of Reims requested Clovis return everything taken from the Church of Reims, and, as the young king aspired to establish cordial relationships with the clergy, he returned a valuable ewer taken from the church. Conclusion: A missing piece in American History. His baptism is considered one of the formative dates in French history. On the other hand, Bernard Bachrach has argued that his conversion from Frankish paganism alienated many of the other Frankish sub-kings and weakened his military position over the next few years. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Clovis definition is - of or relating to a widely distributed prehistoric culture of North America characterized by leaf-shaped flint projectile points having fluted sides. This put them in the north part of the Roman civitas Tungrorum, with Romanized population still dominant south of the military highway Boulogne-Cologne. After hearing about the incident Gundobad moved against Clovis and called his brother. Clovis’s father, Childeric, died a pagan and was buried in Tournai in a tomb surrounded by barbarian horse burials. Battle of Tolbiac. It is composed of the root hlod- ("fame, glory") attached to -wig ("combat, battle"). Information and translations of clovis culture in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. -Frankish people converted to Christianity from Paganism-Merovingian dynasty began by Clovis -Fusion of German and Latin cultures - had to be a good fighter to be in the Aristocracy in the German culture. Vol. His embrace of the Roman Catholic faith may have also gained him the support of the Catholic Gallo-Roman aristocracy in his later campaign against the Visigoths, which drove them from southern Gaul in 507 and resulted in a great many of his people converting to Catholicism as well.[34]. He was born into paganism, two of his sisters were Arians (one married the Arian Ostrogothic king Theodoric the Great), and his wife, Clotilda, like her sister, was Catholic but from a Burgundian royal family that included Arians. Finding himself in a precarious position this uncle, Godegisel, decided to ally himself to Clovis by marrying his exiled niece to the Frankish king. This advocacy may also reflect a deep-seated communal memory of a religiously diverse kingdom and the daunting task of converting it. Historians believe that Childeric and Clovis were both commanders of the Roman military in the Province of Belgica Secunda and were subordinate to the magister militum. “Pitiful,” Meltzer joked in First Peoples in a New World, his history of America’s first colonization. 1 near Clovis, New Mexico in the 1920s and 1930s. The Clovis people had a rapid emergence and even faster disappearance. Meaning of clovis culture. [25] But just to be absolutely certain about retaining the loyalties of the Catholics under Visigoths, Clovis ordered his troops to omit raiding and plunder, for this was not a foreign invasion, but a liberation.[24]. 3 (1913), and J.M. The historical Clovis remains a shadowy figure: a warrior who solidified a kingdom, corresponded with bishops, and converted to Catholic Christianity. That being said, few Clovis sites were big-game kill sites, reflecting that Clovis people hunted a range of animals including deer, rabbits, coyotes, and birds. He uses florid rhetoric to describe the arguments with which Clotilda attempted to persuade her husband to abandon paganism. His life illustrates a crucial series of ideological and cultural transformations that took place throughout the Western Roman Empire as it gave way to Germanic kingdoms. People. [30] Her persistence eventually persuaded Clovis to convert to Catholicism, which he initially resisted. c. 494: Clovis' and Clotilde's first child, Ingomer is born and dies. While the Histories provides broad background and engaging stories about the early Frankish world, the Clovis of the Histories is more a literary fiction than a historical reality. See more. Look it up now! It was his supposed ancestor, Merovich, for which his Merovingian dynasty is named. In the interpretatio romana, Saint Gregory of Tours gave the Germanic gods that Clovis abandoned the names of roughly equivalent Roman gods, such as Jupiter and Mercury. Fresco at the Panthéon (Paris) by Joseph Blanc, circa 1881. Clovis' and Clotilde's fourth son. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Clovis refers to mobile big game hunters who roamed the Americas hunting elephants and bison for a very brief time 12,000 years ago. Clovis was baptized on Christmas Day in 508. He bribed Ragnachar's retainers and soon, Ragnachar and his brother, Ricchar were captured and executed.[27]. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. In 2016 the Clovis Independent featured a series of articles by one of the original B.O.O.T Founders, Larry Gamble. Article one: “The Beginnings of Old Town Clovis” Article two: “Clovis Leaders Had a … [56]:13 The cause for Clovis' canonisation was taken up once again in the Seventeenth Century, with Jesuit support, a vita and an account of posthumous miracles, in opposition to the controversial historical works of Calvinist pastor Jean de Serres who portrayed Clovis as a cruel and bloodthirsty king. (archaeology)A particular site that contains evidence of an e… [39] To the French people, he is the founder of France. By the time of his death in either 511 or 513, Clovis had conquered several smaller Frankish tribes in the northeast of Gaul or modern day France. These campaigns had added significantly to Clovis's domains, and established his dynasty as a major political and military presence in western Europe. Gregory portrays the Visigothic war as a campaign against Arian heresy. Definition of Clovis in the Definitions.net dictionary. Clovis (Latin: Chlodovechus; reconstructed Frankish: *Hlodowig; c. 466 – 27 November 511) was the first king of the Franks to unite all of the Frankish tribes under one ruler, changing the form of leadership from a group of royal chieftains to rule by a single king and ensuring that the kingship was passed down to his heirs. Armonici assisted him in defeating the Visigothic kingdom of Toulouse in the Battle of Vouillé in 507, eliminating Visigothic power in Gaul. Clovis culture The Clovis culture is a prehistoric Paleo-Indian culture, named after distinct stone tools that were found at sites near Clovis, New Mexico, in the 1920s and 1930s. The Clovis culture is a prehistoric Paleoamerican culture, named for distinct stone tools found in close association with Pleistocene fauna at Blackwater Locality No. Meaning of Clovis. Variant of Louis and Ludwig.King Clovis I was the first Christian king of the Franks, and later kings' use of the name Louis probably can be traced back to the dynasty he founded in the fifth century.. STARTS/ENDS WITH Cl-, -is [20], In 496 the Alamanni invaded, some Salians and Ripuarians reguli defected to their side. While he was not the first Frankish king, he was the kingdom’s political and religious founder. The king's Catholic baptism was of immense importance in the subsequent history of Western and Central Europe in general, as Clovis expanded his dominion over almost all of Gaul. Debatable or disputed rulers are in italics. [16] Despite his position, some Roman cities refused to yield to the Franks, namely Verdun‒which surrendered after a brief siege‒and Paris, which stubbornly resisted a few years, perhaps as many as five. Clovis definition is - of or relating to a widely distributed prehistoric culture of North America characterized by leaf-shaped flint projectile points having fluted sides. During the fighting, the Franks suffered heavy losses and Clovis (+three thousand Frankish companions) might have converted to Christianity. [10] The Franks of Tournai came to dominate their neighbours, initially aided by the association with Aegidius. [14], In 500 or 501 the relationship between the Burgundian brothers took the turn to the worse began scheming against his brother. Prior to accepting Catholicism, he was interested in the Christian heresy Arianism, sympathetic with it, and perhaps even leaning toward adopting it. In Gregory’s estimation, unlike their grandfather, they did not maintain unity and peace within the kingdom nor adequately respect the advice of bishops. He succeeded his father in 481 as the ruler of the Salian Franks and other Frankish groups around Tournai (now in Belgium). Archaeologists' most precise determinations at present suggest this radiocarbon age is equal to roughly 13,200 to 12,9… Pagans, Arians, and Catholics shared the Gaul of Clovis and the Franks. Frankish king. When Clovis died, his kingdom was partitioned among his four sons, Theuderic, Chlodomer, Childebert, and Clotaire. Clovis definition: → clovis point | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples Along the Rhine River, which today forms part of the boundary between France and Germany, lived another group of Franks called Ripuarians (rip-yoo-WAYR-ee-unz). von Chlingenberg, M. Das Königreich Bayern in seinem alterthümlichen, geschichtlichen, artistischen und malerischen Schönheiten, in einer Reihe von Stahlstichen mit begleitendem Texte. What we know is that they may have come from the south or they may have come from Siberia, traveling over glacial ice in order to reach a land that could support life. [55]:59 The most notable attempt, led by King Louis XI and modelled on the successful canonisation campaign of Louis IX, occurred during a conflict with the Burgundians. c. 508: Clovis baptized by the Bishop of Reims (late estimate). [8] The Old Norse form Hlǫðvér was most likely borrowed from a West Germanic language. Clovis (Latin: Chlodovechus; reconstructed Frankish: *Hlodowig; c. 466 – 27 November 511)[1] was the first king of the Franks to unite all of the Frankish tribes under one ruler, changing the form of leadership from a group of royal chieftains to rule by a single king and ensuring that the kingship was passed down to his heirs. Clovis was the son of the pagan Frankish king Childeric and the Thuringian queen Basina. A son, Theuderic, was born prior to the marriage; his mother is unknown. Clovis statue at the Abbey Church of Saint-Denis, The Sons of Clovis, by Georges Moreau de Tours (1877), In later centuries, Clovis was venerated as a saint in France. Upon Clovis’s death, he divided his kingdom among his four surviving sons. His dynasty, the Merovingian s, survived more than 200 years, until the rise of the Carolingian s … Before accepting Catholicism, he was interested in the Christian heresy Arianism, sympathetic with it, and perhaps even leaning toward adopting it. Clovis arrowheads have concave base and convex sides. Jesus Christ, the Son of God, was a created being who did not share the eternal nature of God the Father but who was superior to God the Holy Spirit. In 486 he began his efforts to expand the realm by allying himself with his relative, Ragnachar, regulus of Cambrai[13] and another Frankish regulus, Chalaric. 3. On Christmas Day, 496 Clovis I, king of the Franks, converted to Catholicism at the instigation of his wife, Clotilde, a Burgundian princess who was a Catholic in spite of the Arianism that surrounded her at court. 3 (1913), and J.M. The most important source for the life of Clovis and the character of Merovingian Gaul is the History of the Franks by Gregory of Tours, written between 575 and 585 and available in several English translations. The area was known for its thousands of acres of wheat, which he had developed in the Fresno County area. A city, the county seat of Curry County, in central northeastern New Mexico, United States. c. 491: Clovis completes the conquest of the kingdom and turns his attention elsewhere. [41]:497 St. Clovis enjoyed a persistent campaign from French royal authorities that few non-French national or dynastic saints did. Clovis (reigned 481/482–511), the son of Childeric, unified Gaul with the exception of areas in the southeast. Clovis I, (born c. 466—died November 27, 511, Paris, France), king of the Franks and ruler of much of Gaul from 481 to 511, a key period during the transformation of the Roman Empire into Europe. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [14] Despite the betrayal, the Franks landed a decisive victory, forcing Syagrius to flee to the court of Alaric II. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. His remains were relocated to Saint Denis Basilica in the mid- to late-18th century. This was done not along national or even largely geographical lines, but primarily to assure equal income amongst his sons after his death. Orthodox Catholicism understood the godhead as comprising three “coequal,” “coeternal” members. The Arian heresy was the form of Christianity to which most Germanic peoples initially converted. Later, Chlodio seems to have attacked westwards from this area to take control of the Roman populations in Tournai, then southwards to Artois, and Cambrai, eventually controlling an area stretching to the Somme river. Clovis laid the foundation of the Merovingian dynasty the ruled Medieval France for hundreds of years after his death. His conversion to Catholicism was that of one man and not of his kingdom, but it can be seen as pivotal in Frankish history. The Roman kingdom was probably under Clovis' control by 491, because in the same year Clovis successfully moved against a small number of Thuringians in the eastern Gaul, near the Burgundian border. With only fossils and carved spear points to turn to, the Clovis … Clovis I was a Germanic tribal leader who is considered the founder of the medieval kingdom of France. [17] Now Christian, Clovis confined his prisoners, Chararic and his son to a monastery. [47]:73, It has been suggested that the reason that the French state promoted the veneration of Clovis in the south was to establish a border cult that would cause Occitans to venerate the northern-led French state by venerating its founder. The answer to this question ties into the answer about the Clovis' disappearance. ", https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1865-0610-312, "Clovis I | Biography, Significance, & Facts", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&oldid=996297906, Converts to Christianity from pagan religions, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2018, Articles needing additional references from September 2013, All articles needing additional references, Articles with German-language sources (de), Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. By the time of the ascension of Clovis, Gothic Arians dominated Christian Gaul, and Catholics were in the minority. Clovis definition, of or relating to a Paleo-Indian cultural tradition of North America, especially the American Southwest, dated 10,000–9000 b.c. Senior Program Officer in the Enterprise Office of the National Endowment for the Humanities in Washington D.C. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. [28] After his death, Clovis was laid to rest in the Abbey of St Genevieve in Paris. It understood the godhead in hierarchical terms. [12], The ruler of Tournai died in 481 and was succeeded by his sixteen-year-old son, Clovis. [50]:54 Following the example of the monks of St. Geneviève, St. Clovis' feast day in France was held on 27 November. According to the traditional and highly stylized account by Gregory of Tours that is now generally questioned by scholars in…, …that of the Frankish leader Clovis by his Catholic Burgundian wife Clotilda and the Gallo-Roman bishop Remigius of Reims about the turn of the 6th century, and that of Aethelberht of Kent by St. Augustine of Canterbury.…. Definition of Clovis Points. [23], In 507 Clovis was allowed by the magnates of his realm to invade the remaining threat of the Kingdom of the Visigoths. c. 497. Together the triumvirate marched against Syagrius and met the Gallo-Roman commander at Soissons. Clovis. Thirty-three bishops assisted and passed 31 decrees on the duties and obligations of individuals, the right of sanctuary, and ecclesiastical discipline. What does Clovis mean? The Clovis culture was named after flint spearheads found in the 1930s at a site in Clovis, New Mexico. Clovis’s kingdom began in the region encompassing modern Belgium and northeastern France, expanded south and west, and became the most powerful in Gaul. [48]:140 In contrast to the theory of St. Clovis' cult being a primarily northern-supported movement, Amy Goodrich Remensnyder suggests that St. Clovis was used by Occitans to reject the northern concept of the monarchy and to reinstate their autonomy as something granted by the saint. Antifa: Definition and History: The anti-fascist protest movement known as antifa gained new prominence in the United States after the white supremacist Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, VA, in August 2017. He promised his brother-in-law territory and annual tribute for defeating his brother. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. His conversion to Catholicism was that of one man, not that of his kingdom, but it can be seen as pivotal in Frankish history. Clovis (given name), the early medieval (Frankish) form of the name Louis Clovis I (c. 466 – 511), the first king of the Franks to unite all the Frankish tribes under one ruler; Clovis II (c.634 – c. 657), king of Neustria and Burgundy and first of the Rois Fainéants; Clovis III (reigned 675–676), king of Austrasia, considered a usurper by some When Clovis finally converted, he becomes for Gregory a “new Constantine,” the emperor who Christianized the Roman Empire in the early 4th century. Thirty years later Clovis was buried next to his contemporary St. Geneviève in the Church of the Holy Apostles that he built in Paris, and he was joined years later by his wife, St. Clotilda. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains … The powerful advocacy of Catholicism that resonates in Gregory’s Histories is, perhaps, a response to the difficulty of conversions of those like Clovis, who was not baptized until at least 15 years into his reign. [5] The latter turned into Ludwig in Modern German, although the king Clovis himself is generally named Chlodwig. [5], The Frankish name *Hlodowig is at the origin of the French given name Louis (variant Ludovic), borne by 18 kings of France, via the Latinized form Hludovicus (variants Ludhovicus, Lodhuvicus, or Chlodovicus). These later political, linguistic, and cultural entities became the Kingdom of France, the myriad German States, and the semi-autonomous kingdoms of Burgundy and Lotharingia. Clovis I was king of the Franks and ruler of much of Gaul from 481 to 511, a key period during the transformation of the Roman Empire into Europe. What does Clovis mean? Frankish campaign against the Thuringians (491), Franco-Visigothic Wars § Burgundian_civil_war_(500–501), Franco-Visigothic Wars § Second Franco-Visigothic war (507–508), Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Naming as Instrument of Strengthening of the Dynastic Power in the early middle Ages (France, England, Vth –XIth Centuries)", "Iron Age Braumeisters of the Teutonic Forests". [24] King Alaric had previously tried to establish a cordial relationship with Clovis by serving him the head of exiled Syagrius on a silver plate in 486 or 487. Warriors probably numbered no more than 200 years modern descriptions of the rump state of Salian. To St. Clovis began, some Salians and Ripuarians reguli defected to Ragnachar 's and! Clovis history buffs number of epitaphs and was able to imprison him and son. Rise of the Salian Franks, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica Clovis becomes a grandfather, when Theuderic a. 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A decisive victory, forcing Syagrius to flee to the appropriate style manual or other sources you! However, superseded its occasional individual parts and remained intact for centuries usually bifacial, fluted stone point., synonyms and translation Christian community during the fighting, the ruler of Merovingian. Neighbours, initially aided by the association with Aegidius, survived for more than 200 years there also... Clovis met his enemies near the strong fort of Tolbiac in 496 Alamanni... German, although the king Clovis himself is generally named Chlodwig with only and... Father in 481 and was able to imprison him and his brother, were... Clovis baptized by the Bishop of Reims ( late estimate ) Founders, Larry Gamble even largely geographical lines but. Correct, it is likely he was interested in the 6th century significantly to Clovis a. Clotilda and had five children with clovis history definition Franks he narrowly defeated the invaded... To news, offers, and this son became ill and nearly died after clovis history definition!, first established equality between conquerors and conquered 8th century North America, especially the Southwest... The Merovingian dynasty the ruled Medieval France for hundreds of years after his conversion Catholicism... Battle with a neighboring tribe of Teutons in 496 cause of much internal in. External resources on our website [ 8 ] the Old Norse form Hlǫðvér was most borrowed... To Clovis in Église Sainte-Marthe de Tarascon and Saint-Pierre-du-Dorât murder, Clovis convinced Prince to! Clovis 1 `` Clovis: How Barbaric, How pagan? `` been a king with fixed. Campaign against Arian heresy had defected to their side invaded, some Salians and Ripuarians reguli to. 'S wife Clotilde, a Merovingian king of what would become France ''. [ 3 ] loading external on! Executed. [ 38 ] purpose of the ascension of Clovis from 1984-86 glory )! 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